Intense Pulsed Light
What is intense pulsed light and how can it be used to rejuvenate the skin and treat redness and pigmentation?
Intense Pulsed Light, or IPL, uses high-intensity pulses of visible light to improve the appearance of pigmentation, redness and prominent blood vessels it is also used for skin rejuvenation. Unlike lasers, which employ a single wavelength of light, IPL works with a broad spectrum allowing the treatment of multiple skin concerns in a single pass.
There are different IPL systems available with many designed to be operated by non-clinical staff and achieving only very minor degrees of improvement. The Lumenis M22 system is widely regarded as the Rolls Royce of IPL achieving results that can match or surpass laser treatments for specific indications. It has seven different ExpertFilters™ which allows fine-tuning of treatment for different skin types and conditions. The M22 system also incorporates Lumenis' proprietary Optimal Pulse Technology (OPT™) which ensures consistent and precise energy delivery throughout the treatment.
How Does IPL Work?
The principle behind IPL therapy is selective photothermolysis. This means that it uses light (photo) to induce heat (thermo) and break down (lysis) selected targets. In the context of dermatology, the targets can be melanin (the pigment in freckles and age spots), hemoglobin (found in blood vessels), or hair follicles.
The IPL device emits light pulses, which are absorbed by these targets. The light's energy converts into heat, destroying the undesired pigment or structure without harming the surrounding skin tissue. Over time, this process promotes a more even skin tone and clearer complexion.
What Conditions Can IPL Treat?
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Photorejuvenation: IPL stimulates collagen production, which can reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, leading to a more youthful look.
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Hyperpigmentation and Sun Damage: IPL can treat sun spots, age spots, and other forms of hyperpigmentation by targeting melanin in the skin.
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Rosacea and Redness: By targeting hemoglobin, IPL can reduce redness and treat the visible blood vessels often associated with rosacea.
IPL can also be used for acne and hair removal where other options are not available, however I favour the Elite laser for hair removal and the AviClear laser for acne.
What to Expect During IPL Treatment
IPL treatment with the M22 system is typically quick, usually taking 20 to 30 minutes, depending on the area being treated. Prior to treatment, a cooling gel is applied to the skin to help maximize comfort. As the device is moved across the skin, you will feel a stinging sensation, often compared to the snap of a rubber band. The device's built-in cooling feature works to minimize discomfort and protect the top layer of skin.
Post-treatment, patients may experience temporary redness or swelling, which typically subsides within a few hours. It's important to avoid sun exposure and use sun protection following treatment, as the skin may be more sensitive to UV rays.
For the best results, a series of treatments is usually recommended. The exact number varies based on the specific condition and individual patient characteristics.
What to Expect After IPL Treatment
Post-treatment, it is normal to experience some redness and mild swelling, similar to a slight sunburn. These effects typically subside within a few hours to a couple of days. In the case of freckles or age spots, they will often darken and temporarily become more noticeable before they fade and flake off over the following week.
It's crucial to avoid sun exposure and wear SPF 30 or higher after treatment, as your skin will be more sensitive to UV rays. A series of treatments, typically three to six sessions, are often recommended for optimal results, spaced about a month apart.
The M22 IPL system from Lumenis offers a safe, versatile, and efficient option for patients looking to improve their skin health and appearance. While IPL therapy can provide excellent results, it's important to remember that results vary, and it may not be suitable for everyone. Always consult with a board-certified dermatologist or skin health professional to determine if IPL treatment with the M22 system is right for you.
Summary
IPL is generally a safe and effective treatment. I find it of particular value for rejuvenating the appearance of lighter skin types where there is a combination of sun damage, redness, prominent blood vessels and pigmentation.
Questions
What skin conditions can be treated with IPL?
IPL can treat a variety of skin conditions including age spots, freckles, rosacea, broken blood vessels and sun damage.
How does IPL compare to laser treatments?
IPL uses multiple wavelengths of light, whereas lasers use a single wavelength. This means IPL can treat a larger area of skin at once and address multiple skin concerns such as aging, pigmentation and redness in a single treatment.
It is less effective for larger blood vessels or more prominent areas of pigmentation and may not be as suitable for pigmented skin types.
Is IPL treatment painful?
You might feel some discomfort during the treatment, similar to a rubber band snapping against your skin. However, pain levels vary from person to person and depend on the area being treated.
What are the risks or potential side effects of IPL treatment?
Some potential side effects include pain, redness, swelling, blistering, changes in skin color, infection, and scarring. However, these are relatively rare and Dr Lynch will discuss these with you in detail before the procedure.
How many IPL sessions will I need to see results?
Typically, you'll need multiple sessions to see results, usually between 3-6 sessions, spaced a month apart.
How long does each IPL treatment session take?
Each session typically lasts 20-30 minutes.
What can I expect during an IPL treatment?
Your skin will be cleaned, and you'll wear protective eyewear. A cool gel will be applied to your skin, then the IPL device will be moved across the treatment area. You may feel a warm sensation or a slight sting and cooling from the IPL device.
Is there any downtime after an IPL treatment?
Generally there is minimal downtime, however you may have some redness or swelling and you may notice temporary darkening of pigmented areas that have been treated.
Can IPL treatments be used on all skin types?
IPL can be used on most skin types, but the risks are greater for darker skin tones and other options may be better.
How should I prepare for an IPL treatment?
Avoid sun exposure and tanning products for at least 4 weeks prior to treatment. You should also avoid certain medications and skincare products that can make your skin more sensitive to light.
Can I use IPL treatments if I have a suntan?
Having a suntan increases your risk of side effects such as skin lightening or darkening. You should not have treatment if you have a sun tan.
Are the results of IPL treatments permanent?
While IPL treatments can significantly improve skin appearance, they are not permanent. You will need maintenance treatments to retain the results.
What care should I take after an IPL treatment?
After treatment, you should avoid direct sunlight and apply sunscreen. Keep the treated area clean and moisturized and avoid using active skincare ingredients such as retinol, vitamin C and salicylic acid until your skin has fully recovered. You should not exercise vigorously and should avoid excessive heat, such as saunas, for a minimum of 24 hours.
Can IPL treatments be combined with other treatments?
IPL can be combined with other treatments such as botox, dermal fillers, skin boosters and fractional non-ablative resurfacing. Dr Lynch will often combine it with other laser treatments.
What is the cost of an IPL treatment?
You will provided with a quotation for the treatment that you require at the time of your initial consultation. A guide to prices can be found
here.
Can IPL treatments cause scarring or pigment changes?
While rare, IPL treatments can cause temporary or permanent changes in skin color, especially in individuals with darker skin tones. Scarring is also a possibility, though it is very rare.
How soon can I expect to see results after an IPL treatment?
It is common to see some degree of improvement within 2 weeks of the intial treatment, however generally a course of 4-6 treatments is required for maximal results.
Are there any individuals for whom IPL treatment is not recommended?
IPL may not be suitable for individuals with darker skin tones or those with certain skin conditions that make you light sensitive, such as porphyria. It is also not recommended for individuals who are pregnant or taking medications that increase the sensitivity to light.
Can IPL treat hair-bearing sites?
The light energy from IPL is picked up by hair bearing sites such as the sideburns, hairline, beard and eyebrows and it cannot safely treat these areas without the risk of hair loss.
Can IPL be used for other sites apart from the face?
IPL can be used on most body areas, including the face, neck, chest, back, and arms. However, it should not be used near the eyes or on the eyelids. The suitability of IPL for different body areas should be discussed with your dermatologist.
Can pregnant women undergo IPL treatments?
While IPL is generally safe, it is typically recommended to avoid these treatments during pregnancy due to a lack of research on potential effects on the fetus.
Will IPL treatments affect tattoos?
IPL can cause significant fading or discoloration of tattoos. It cannot safely be used to treat areas with tattoos.
Can IPL treatments cause cancer or other long-term health issues?
There is currently no research indicating that IPL treatments cause cancer or other long-term health issues.
