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Bacterial endocarditis

This can cause a similar vasculitic rash, but it is distinguished by a history of underlying valvular heart disease and positive blood cultures for typical endocarditis organisms.

Chronic gonococcaemia

This presents with a classic triad of tenosynovitis, dermatitis (pustules on an erythematous base), and arthralgias, a specific clinical picture not seen in meningococcaemia.

Erythema multiforme

This is characterized by classic target lesions, a morphology distinct from the vasculitic macules, papules, or pustules of chronic meningococcaemia.

Henoch-Schoenlein purpura

HSP is a specific childhood vasculitis defined by palpable purpura (especially on the lower extremities), arthritis, abdominal pain, and nephritis.

Sweet's syndrome

This presents as tender, succulent, erythematous plaques and nodules accompanied by fever and neutrophilia, a different morphology than the lesions of chronic meningococcaemia.

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